Gregg L. Semenza Biography

Dr. Gregg L. Semenza is a Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine professor of pediatrics, radiation oncology and molecular radiation sciences, biological chemistry, medicine, and oncology. Dr. Semenza is the C. Michael Armstrong Professor of Pediatrics and the director of the Institute for Cell Engineering's vascular department. Dr. Semenza, one of the world's foremost experts on the molecular processes of oxygen control, has pioneered studies into how cells adapt to fluctuating oxygen levels. He is most recognized for discovering the HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) protein, which regulates genes in response to oxygen supply variations. The discovery has far-reaching implications for understanding and treating low-oxygen diseases including coronary artery disease and tumor development. Dr. Semenza was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 2019 for his pioneering discovery. He shares the prize with Dana-Farber Cancer Institute's William G. Kaelin, Jr., M.D., and Oxford University's Peter J. Ratcliffe. He graduated from Harvard University with a bachelor's degree. He received his M.D. and Ph.D. at the University of Pennsylvania, followed by a pediatric residency at Duke University Medical Center and postdoctoral research in medical genetics at Johns Hopkins. In 1990, Dr. Semenza joined the Johns Hopkins faculty. The molecular processes of oxygen homeostasis, gene and stem cell therapy for ischemic cardiovascular disease, the function of HIF-1 in cancer, and heart protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury are among Dr. Semenza's research interests. He has written over 250 research articles and many book chapters, and his work has been referenced over 30,000 times in research. In 2008, he was elected to the Association of American Physicians and the National Academy of Sciences as a founding fellow of the American College of Medical Genetics. He is editor-in-chief of the Journal of Molecular Medicine and is on the editorial boards of numerous publications, including Molecular and Cellular Biology and Cancer Research. Dr. Semenza was inducted into the Institute of Medicine in 2012. Among his other honors are the Institut de France's Lefoulon-Delalande Grand Prize, the Gairdner Award, the Stanley J. Korsmeyer Award, the E. Mead Johnson Award for Research in Pediatrics, the Children's Brain Tumor Foundation's Jean and Nicholas Leone Award, the American Heart Association's Established Investigator Award, and the Lucille P. Johnson Award for Research in Pediatrics. For a breakthrough finding on how humans respond to oxygen, he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology in 2019.

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